Sulawesi Scops Owl

This is the photograph of Sulawesi Scops Owl (Otus manadensis) which I took in at the farm area of Subdistrict town of Sonder. The bird was calling at dusk. I mimicked his sound several times and in less than 5 minutes he flew to and landed on the branch of a tree near me. 

Sulawesi Scops Owl

Because the tree was located at a the side of a road, the bird was disturbed by the sounds from humans and the lights of the nearby houses. He later flew to higher branches of another tree. Fortunately, I could follow him and was able to take some photos of him. Here is some info about the nocturnal bird:

The Sulawesi Scops Owl (Otus manadensis) is a small owl species found only in Sulawesi and nearby islands in Indonesia — making it endemic to the region. Here’s a detailed overview:
1. Taxonomy & Classification
Scientific name: Otus manadensis
Family: Strigidae (Typical Owls)
Genus: Otus — a group of small to medium-sized owls known as scops owls.
First described in 1872 by A. B. Meyer.
2. Physical Description
Size: Around 15–17 cm in length — about the size of a sparrowhawk, but fluffier.
Plumage: Brown, rufous, or grey morphs — this variation helps them blend with tree bark.
Streaked and mottled patterns for camouflage.
Ears: Possesses small “ear tufts” (actually feather tufts, not ears).
Eyes: Large and yellow to orange, well-adapted for nocturnal vision.
3. Distribution & Habitat
Range: Only found in Sulawesi, plus nearby islands like Lembeh, Togian, and Sangihe.
Habitat: Lowland and montane forests up to around 1,800 meters above sea level.
Often near villages, plantations, and forest edges.
Behavior: Often perches quietly in dense foliage during the day, making it hard to spot.
4. Behavior & Diet
Nocturnal — active at night, resting during the day.
Diet: Insects (moths, beetles, crickets), small lizards, and sometimes small birds.
Hunting style: Hunts from a perch, swooping down to snatch prey with talons.
5. Vocalization
Famous for its distinct “poo-poo-poo” or “whit-whit” calls, repeated at regular intervals.
Calls are often the easiest way to detect them during night birding.
Males and females call to defend territories and attract mates.
6. Breeding
Breeding season likely linked to the dry season.
Nests in tree cavities, old woodpecker holes, or natural hollows.
Clutch size is usually 2–3 eggs.
Both parents may take part in feeding chicks.
7. Conservation Status
IUCN Status: Least Concern — relatively widespread across Sulawesi.
Main threats: habitat loss due to logging, agriculture, and land conversion.
Adaptable to secondary growth and even semi-urban habitats, which helps its survival.
8. Birding Notes
Birders often find it by listening for its repetitive nighttime calls. A flashlight will reveal its bright reflective eyes.

If you are interested in taking a bird photo tour in Subdistrict Sonder of Minahasa and other sites in North Sulawesi, please, contact me (Charles Roring) by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com or by whatsapp to: +6281332245180. 

Also read:

• Bird Photography Guide in Manado city
• Birdwatching in North Sulawesi
• Birding in Tangkoko Nature Reserve, Mount Malawi and Sonder's Farm Forest
• Birdwatching in Sonder of Minahasa Highland

Sonder Tours in Minahasa Peninsula of North Sulawesi

Sonder is a small subdistrict town in Minahasa highland of North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. It is surrounded by hills, rivers, waterfalls, paddy fields, farmland and forest. This short article provides info about tours in Sonder which visitors can enjoy during their trip in Indonesia.

Hiking Tour in Sonder of Minahasa Regency

Trekking tour across the hills and valleys is an interesting activity which visitors could enjoy to see the beautiful landscape of Minahasa. Farm Tour - Most of the Minahasan people who live in Sonder are farmers. They cultivate their land and plant them with various kinds of food crops such as rice, corn, sweet potatoes, red beans, peanuts, coconut, and etc.

While enjoying the walk through the agricultural land, we could see farmers plowing, planting, or harvesting food crops in their farm fields. The houses of local villagers are often covered by concrete floor to enable them to dry grains such as peanuts, red bean, rice and corn. Most farmers still do manual works in their farms. Some of them buy hand tractors, and milling machines which very important in cultivating their land, and processing their agricultural produce.

The farm forest of Sonder is the habitat of a lot of species of butterflies and moths, beetle and dragonfly.

Butterfly watching Tour - Some of the butterflies that we could see include: The Clipper, Manado Yellow Tiger Butterfly, Common Birdwing, Blanchard's Ghost, Blanchard's Wood Nymph, Lime Swallowtail, Celebes-banded Swallowtail, The Great Orange Tip, and etc.

Celebes-banded Swallowtail

Birdwatching Tour - In addition to butterflies, the farm forest of Sonder is the habitat of a lot of species of birds such as 

Sulawesi Cuckoo-dove,

Green Imperial Pigeon,

Superb Fruit-dove,

Zebra Dove,

Gray-cheeked Green Pigeon,

Yellow-billed Malkoha, 

Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, 

Pygmy Hanging Parrot, 

Ashy Woodpecker,

Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker, 

Pale Blue Monarch, 

Sulawesi Cuckoo-dove, 

Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher, 

Snowy-browed Flycatcher,

Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker,

Yellow-sided Flowerpecker,

Gray-sided Flowerpecker,

Sahul Sunbird, 

Crimson Sunbird, 

Brown-throated Sunbird,

Black Sunbird,

Black-naped Oriole, 

Scaly-breasted Munia, 

Chestnut Munia, 

Black-faced Munia, 

Hair-crested Drongo (white-eyed),

Sulawesi Drongo, 

Sooty-headed Bulbul,

Finch-billed Myna,

Sulawesi-crested Myna,

Barred Rail,

Buff-banded Rail,

White-browed Crake

Purple Heron,

Sulawesi Crow,

Cattle Egret,

Little Egret, 

Purple Heron,

Brahminy Kite,

Black Kite,

Sulawesi Goshawk,

and etc.

Pale Blue Monarch

Birdwatchers in Sonder of Minahasa

To watch birds, visitors need to bring 8×42 mm, 10×42 mm or 10×50 mm binoculars manufactured by Swarovski, Leica, Nikon or Olympus. Those who like to take pictures could bring point and shoot cameras such as Nikon P1000, Canon SX70HS, Sony Cybershot RX20 IV.

Bird Photography Trip in Lake Linow of North Sulawesi

Where is Sonder and how to go there?

Sonder is a small subdistrict town that is located in Minahasa regency of Indonesia. It can be reached by car from Manado city for approximately 1 hour. 

Car route between Manado city and Sonder

Foreign visitors need to fly to one of the major cities in Indonesia and then continue their trip by planes to Manado city. There are daily flights between Manado city and major cities in Indonesia served by Lion Air, Super Airjet, Batik Air, Garuda Indonesia, and Wings Air. There are also international direct flights between Singapore and Manado city by Scoot Air, and between Guangzhou and Manado city by TransNusa and China Southern Airlines. 

Flights to Manado city

Accommodation

There are homestays in Sonder for visitors who want to spend several days in Sonder. There are also hotels in the nearby Tomohon town for visitors who are traveling in bigger groups. 

If you are interested in taking a tour in Subdistrict Sonder of Minahasa highland, please, contact us by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com or by whatsapp to: +6281332245180.

Related Posts:

• Sonder Bird
• Birding in Sonder of Minahasa Highland
• Sulawesi Myzomela
• Birding in Sonder and Mount Mahawu
• Butterfly watching Tour in Sonder Town
• Farmland Tours in Sonder Town of Minahasa Highland

Sonder Bird in North Sulawesi Province of Indonesia

Sonder town in Minahasa highland has increasingly become another destination for visitors who are interested in hiking, watching birds of Sulawesi and sightseeing. Birds that could be watched include:

• Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker (Dicaeum nehrkorni)
• Sulawesi Myzomela (Myzomela chloroptera)
• Crimson Sunbird (Aethopyga siparaja)
• Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher (Cyornis omissus)
• Snowy-browed Flycatcher (Ficedula hyperythra)
• Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker (Dendrocopos temmincki)
• Citrine Canary- Flycatcher (Culicicapa helianthea)
• Japanese White-eye (also called: Warbling White-eye)
• Sulawesi Bush Warbler
• Sulawesi Drongo
• Black-faced Munia
• Black Kite
• Lesser Fish Eagle
• Sulawesi Goshawk
• and etc.

Sulawesi Scops Owl in Subdistrict Sonder

During the birding tour in Sonder, we will also do night walk to look for nocturnal bird such as Sulawesi Scops Owl, Speckled Boobook. 

Birds that live in lower montane forest of Sulawesi could also be seen in Sonder. The slope of Tounelet behind Siloam Hospital is still covered by a small forest. It is the natural habitat of such birds as:

• Gray-cheeked Green Pigeon
• Black-naped Oriole
• Sulawesi Cuckoo-dove
• Zebra Dove
• Hair-crested Drongo (white-eyed)
• Gray-sided Flowerpecker
• Yellow-sided Flowerpecker
• Yellow-billed Malkoha
• Pale Blue Monarch
• Sahul Sunbird. 

Crimson Sunbird

The outskirts of Sonder town is mostly covered by farm forest that is the habitat of

• Finch-billed Myna
• White-breasted Woodswallow
• Collared Kingfisher
• Black-billed Koel
• Sulawesi Cicadabird
• Green Imperial Pigeon
• Brown-throated Sunbird
• Ashy Woodpecker
• Sulawesi Crow
• Sulawesi Myna, and etc.

Barred Rail

In paddy field areas of Sonder, we could see:

• Barred Rail
• Buff-banded Rail
• Scaly-breasted Munia
• Chestnut Munia
• Isabelline Bush-hen
• White-browed Crake
• Cinnamon Bittern
• and etc.

Yellow-billed Malkoha in Tounelet Slope Forest of Sonder Town

Birding Equipment

To watch birds, visitors need to bring a good pair of 8×42 mm, 10×42 mm or 10 × 50 mm binoculars. Famous brands such as Nikon Monarch, Swarovski, Leica are highly recommended. As a guide, I also bring a spotting scope for everyone to share the image of birds that sit on a branch of a distant tree. 

Sulawesi Hanging Parrot

Where is Sonder?

Sonder is a small subdistrict town in Minahasa regency of North Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. The capital of the province is Manado city. It is surrounded by hills, rivers and valleys. Visitors who want to visit Sonder town can go by car from Manado city for 1 hour. 

Sonder town

Flight routes to Manado city

Car route from Manado city to Tomohon and Sonder in Minahasa highland

Extending Your Birding Tour

This birding trip in Subdistrict Sonder of Minahasa highland can be extended to longer trips to other birding sites in the same region of North Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. The tour plan for the extended tour is described in the following itinerary:

Birding in North Sulawesi

• Day 1

Arriving in Manado city. Lake Linow of Lahendong village.

• Day 2

Birding in Mount Mahawu, and Sonder's Farm Forest.

• Day 3

Birding in Mount Mahawu, Tincep's waterfall and rice field.

• Day 4

Transfer to Tangkoko Nature Reserve. Birding in Temboan Hill

• Day 5

Birding inside Tangkoko forest

• Day 6 

Birding in Naun River

• Day 7

Birding in Temboan, transfer to Manado, check into hotel. Birding at the outskirts of Manado city.

• Day 8 

Transfer to airport.

How to get there?

Forign visitors need to fly from their country to Singapore. There are regular flight service from Scoot Air between Singapore and Manado city. There are also flights between Guangzhou of China and Manado city of Indonesia.

For foreign visitors who fly to Jakarta or Denpasar of Bali, they could take domestic flights provided by such airlines in Indonesia as Garuda, Batik, SuperAirjet, Citilink and Sriwijaya Air. 

Gray-cheeked Green Pigeon

Where to stay?

There are basic homestays in Sonder town. Visitors who look for more comfortable rooms can stay in hotels in Tomohon town which visitors can choose to stay. 

The birding tour in Sonder can be combined with avifauna tour in Mount Mahawu, Lake Linow and Tangkoko National Park. The duration of this tour is approximately 1 week. 

Booking

If you are interested in taking a birding tour in Sonder and other parts of Minahasa Peninsula and want us to organize your trip, please, contact us by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com or by whatsapp to: +6281332245180. 

Also read:

• Birding in Sonder of Minahasa Highland
• Birding in Mount Mahawu, Lake Linow and Sonder's Farm Forest
• Nature Tour in Manado city
• Birding and Sightseeing Tour from Manado City
• Butterfly watching in Sonder Town of Minahasa Highland
• Farmland Tours in Sonder Town

Sulawesi Myzomela

The Sulawesi Myzomela: A Hidden Gem of Indonesia’s Avian Biodiversity

 

Sulawesi Myzomela was feeding on nectar of flowers

The Sulawesi Myzomela (Myzomela chloroptera) is a striking yet little-known bird species endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Belonging to the Meliphagidae family, commonly known as honeyeaters, this small bird plays a vital ecological role in the island's unique habitats. Its vibrant appearance and specialized feeding habits make it a fascinating subject for ornithologists and birdwatchers alike.

Sulawesi Myzomela in Sonder's Farm Road

Appearance and Identification

The Sulawesi Myzomela is a small, agile bird with a body length of approximately 11–13 cm. The male is typically more vividly colored, with bright crimson or scarlet plumage on the head and chest, contrasting with its darker wings and back. The female is usually duller, with more subdued red or reddish-olive tones. Both sexes have slightly decurved, slender bills—adaptations suited for nectar feeding.

Its energetic behavior, fast flight, and preference for the upper canopy often make it a challenge to spot, but its sharp, high-pitched calls can give away its presence in the forest.

A female Sulawesi Myzomela

Habitat and Distribution

As an endemic species, the Sulawesi Myzomela is found only on Sulawesi Island, part of Indonesia's Wallacea region. It inhabits a range of forest types, including:

Primary and secondary tropical moist lowland forests

Montane forests

Forest edges and degraded areas - This adaptability allows the species to persist even in habitats impacted by human activity, though it remains dependent on areas with sufficient flowering plants for nectar.

Diet and Behavior

True to its honeyeater family, the Sulawesi Myzomela primarily feeds on nectar, using its specialized tongue and curved bill to extract it from flowers. However, it also supplements its diet with insects and spiders, especially during breeding when protein needs are higher.

The bird is often observed flitting quickly between flowering trees, exhibiting territorial behavior by chasing away other nectar-feeding species. It plays an important role as a pollinator, contributing to the reproductive success of numerous native plants.

Breeding

Relatively little is known about the breeding behavior of the Sulawesi Myzomela, but like other honeyeaters, it likely builds cup-shaped nests in shrubs or trees. The female is responsible for incubating the eggs and may raise one or two chicks per season. More field research is needed to fully understand its reproductive biology.

Conservation Status

As of the latest IUCN Red List assessment, the Sulawesi Myzomela is classified as Least Concern (LC). This is due to its relatively wide distribution across Sulawesi and its presence in various habitat types. However, ongoing threats such as deforestation, logging, and habitat conversion for agriculture and development pose long-term risks.

Efforts to conserve the biodiversity of Sulawesi—including protected areas and community-based forest management—are crucial to ensuring the survival of this and many other endemic species.

Conclusion

The Sulawesi Myzomela is more than just a beautiful bird—it is a symbol of Sulawesi’s unique ecology and a reminder of the delicate balance within tropical ecosystems. Whether seen darting through the forest canopy or heard singing from afar, this vibrant honeyeater deserves more attention from scientists and conservationists alike.

Also read:

• Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher
• Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker
• Tangkoko Bird List
• Birding and Photo Tour in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland
• Wildlife Watching and Photography Tour in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland
• Birding and Photo Tour in Tangkoko, Mount Mahawu and Sonder's Farm Forest

Sulawesi Drongo in Sonder's Farm Forest of Minahasa Highland

This is the photograph of Sulawesi Drongo (Dicrurus montanus) that I saw in the farm forest of Sonder town in the highland of Minahasa regency of Indonesia. I saw this bird when ai was guiding a tourist from United Kingdom. We were walking on a concrete path through a clove plantation when we saw the bird sitting on a small branch of the clove tree.

Sulawesi Drongo in the farm forest of Sonder town in Minahasa highland

Drongo is considered a good friend of farmers because it eats insect for its diet. So, its function in a farm environment is a pest controller.

It did not make a lot of movements but I had to move closer several times and  change my position to get good angle for photographing this drongo. This endemic bird of Sulawesi island lives in mountainous region. It has got black feather with fork tail and dark red eye. 

Sonder is a small subdistrict town in Minahasa regency of Indonesia. It is surrounded by rice paddy, vegetable garden, plantations of clove, coconut, and other fruiting trees. It has got forest in higher elevation area. There are rivers that supports this agricultural land. Local farmers run fish farming, pig farming and poultry farming on the sides of these rivers. 

Sonder has got several interesting birdwatching sites. The farm forest in higher elevation or mountaineous region of Minahasa highland is the habitat of such birds as Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher, Sulawesi Myzomela, Sulawesi Bush Warbler, Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Japanese White-eye, Black-crowned White-eye, Citrine Canary Flycatcher, Crimson Sunbird, and etc. 

In the small forest of Tounelet Slope, birdwatchers could see Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Black-naped Oriole, Pale Blue Monarch, Sulaweei Brush Cuckoo, Sooty-headed Bulbul, Chestnut Munia, Sahul Sunbird, Gray-cheeked Green Pigeon, and etc.

If you are interested in taking a birdwatching holiday in Sonder town, you need to fly to Manado city which is the capital of North Sulawesi Province in Indonesia. We could meet you at the airport and organize your birdwatching trip to various birding sites in Sonder town and other areas of North Sulawesi.

For more information, please, contact me (Charles Roring) by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com or by whatsapp to: +6281332245180. 

Also read:

• Wildlife Photography Tour in Tangkoko Nature Reserve and Minahasa Highland
• Hiking Tour and Birdwatching in Minahasa
• Butterflywatching in Subdistrict Sonder of Minahasa
• Birding and Butterflywatching in Sonder of Minahasa
• Birding and Photography Tour in North Sulawesi

Tangkoko Birding in North Sulawesi Province of Indonesia

Tourists who go to Bunaken or Lembeh Strait for diving often consider taking land tour in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland. The main activities in both places are hiking and wildlife watching. Birds, butterflies, reptiles and insects could be seen during the land tour. 

There are a lot of species of tropical birds that can be watched in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland. The small ones that can be seen in the surrounding parks of the birding lodges and homestays include Sahul Sunbird, Brown-throated Sunbird, Gray-sided Flowerpecker, and Yellow-sided Flowerpecker. 

When we walk into the jungle of Tangkoko Nature Reserve, we will see more interesting birds such as Green-backed Kingfisher, Lilac Kingfisher, Ruddy Kingfisher, Sulawesi Dwarf Kingfisher, Ashy Woodpecker, Spot-tailed Goshawk, and etc. 

Birders must not skip Temboan hill, it is the site for watching big birds such as the famous Knobbed Hornbill, and Sulawesi Dwarf Hornbill, and other smaller birds such as Sulawesi-crested Myna, Sulawesi Brush Cuckoo, Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Pygmy Hanging Parrot, Golden-mantled Racquet-tail, Minahasa Racquet-tail, Black-naped Fruit-dove, Green Imperial Pigeon, Gray-cheeked Green Pigeon, Finch-billed Myna, Black-billed Koel, and etc.

Birding in Tangko and Minahasa Highland

Estuary of Naun River

Great-billed Kingfisher could be found in Naun river. It could be reached by motorized boat for around 20 to 30 minutes from Batu Putih village depending on the size of the boat, the power of the engine and the weather. Sea birds that could be seen along the way include White-bellied Sea Eagle, Osprey, Pacific Reef Heron, Striated Heron, and etc. 

In the forest of Tangkoko Nature Reserve, we could also see Celebes-crested Macaque, Sulawesi Bear Cuscus, and Gursky's Spectral Tarsier. 

Tomohon and Mount Mahawu

More unique birds of Sulawesi could be seen when we explore the higher elevation forest and farmland of Minahasa. Scaly-breasted Kingfisher, Sulawesi Pitta, Sulawesi Myzomela, and Sulawesi Cuckoo-dove are some of the many birds that could be watched in Mount Mahawu near Tomohon town. 

Corn, vanilla, clove, papaya and rice

Sonder Town and its Surrounding Forest Farm

Most of the population of Minahasa highland work as farmers. They grow various kinds of food crops such as corn, rice, red bean, vegetables and fruits. These food crops attract insects rats, and birds. When we walk in an open farmland of Subdistrict Sonder, sometimes we could see birds of prey soarking in the air. They include Black Kite, Sulawesi Serpent Eagle, Brahminy Kite, Sulawesi Goshawk, and etc. In paddy fields, we could find White-browed Crake, Little Egret, Cattle Egret, Javan Pond Heron, Purple Heron, Buff-banded Rail, Barred Rail, and Collared Kingfisher, Sulawesi Scops Owl.

Shrub plants that grow on both sides of the road on the hill of Sonder town are the habitat of Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker, Yellow-sided Flowerpecker, Gray-sided Flowerpecker, Black Sunbird, Black-crowned White-eye, Warbling White-eye, Black-faced Munia. The big trees on this hill are the habitat of Pygmy Woodpecker, Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Gray-cheeked Green Pigeon, Yellow-billed Malkoha, and etc. 

If you are interested in taking a land tour in the province of North Sulawesi for birding and wildlife watching and want me to organize your trip, please, contact me (Charles Roring) by whatsapp to: +6281332245180 or by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com. 

Related Posts:

• Birding in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland of North Sulawesi Province
• Wildlife Watching in Tangkoko Nature Reserve and Minahasa Highland
• Farmland Tour in Sonder town of Minahasa Highland

Bird Photography Tour in Tangkoko Nature Reserve, Mount Mahawu and Sonder's Farm Forest of North Sulawesi

A Trip Report by Charles Roring

Manado city - Temboan Hill - Tangkoko Nature Reserve

In late April 2025, I guided a Dutch photographer on 1 week bird photography tour across Minahasa Peninsula of North Sulawesi of Indonesia. I met my client at Sam Ratulangi Airport of Manado city and then continued our trip by car to Tangkoko Nature Reserve. It took around 2 hours to reach it. For the next 4 days 3 night s exploring the forest of Tangkoko, the coastal area of Batu Putih village, Temboan Hill, the man-made lake. There we watched and photographed a lot of species of birds. It was th first place that we stopped to watch and take pictures of birds. 

Lilac Kingfisher

Temboan Hill at the edge of Tangkoko Nature Reserve

For photographer, Temboan Hill is the most recommended site to visit. A D-SLR camera with 600 mm lens is the recommended device. There, we saw and photographed Knobbed Hornbill, Sulawesi Dwarf Hornbill, Sulawesi-crested Myna, Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Pygmy Hanging Parrot, Yellow-billed Malkoha, Green Imperial Pigeon, Black-naped Fruit-dove, Gray-cheeked Imperial Pigeon, Sahul Sunbird, Crimson Sunbird, Yellow-sided Flowerpecker, Gray-sided Flowerpecker, Minahasa Racquet-tail, Black-billed Koel, Sulawesi Cicadabird, Sulawesi Brush Cuckoo. We spent several days walking inside the rainforest of Tangkoko which was the habitat of kingfishers. There were Sulawesi Dwarf Kingfisher, Lilac Kingfisher, Green-backed Kingfisher. Ashy Woodpecker, Spot-tailed Goshawk, Blue-backed Parrot, White-necked Myna could also be seen there. We tried to find Great-billed Kingfisher along the riverside but we were not so lucky. We saw the bird but it was impossible to take picture of the kingfisher. He was sitting on a big branch of a tree behind twigs and leaves. We could only see other birds such as Barred Rail, Little Egret and Nankeen Night Heron. The parking lot of Tangkoko was a good site for observing Sulawesi Bear Cuscus. We saw some interesting birds there too including Speckled Boobook, Brahminy Kite and White-bellied Sea Eagle.

At night, we saw and photographed Sulawesi Scops Owl. It was sitting on the branch of a tree near the birding lodge where we stayed. In the morning we saw Isabelline Bush-hen was swimming in a "little water pond" in the middle of the unpaved road that connected our birding lodge with the main road.

There was a man-made lake located between Temboan Hill and Batu Putih village where the birding lodges and homestays were. Oriental Darter, Purple-winged Roller, Slender-billed Crow, Little Grebe, Little Heron, White-breasted Waterhen were seen there.

Bird Photography Trip in the forest of Mount Mahawu

Tangkoko - Manado city - Tomohon - Lake Linow

We continued our trip to Tomohon town which was around 2 hours ride from Tangkoko. There were several birding sites that we visited during our 3 days/2 nights in Tomohon. Lake Linow was the first site that we went to after arriving in Minahasa highland. For water birds, we went to Lake Linow. 

We saw and photographed Little Egret, Cattle Egret, Javan Pond Heron, White-breasted Waterhen, Barn Swallow. We saw terns sitting on the other side of the lake. It was difficult to identify them, too far. We could not spent much time at the lake. Heavy rain started to cover the lake area and its surroundings. 

Lake Linow in Minahasa highland

Tomohon town - Mount Mahawu

In Mount Mahawu, we saw and photographed the famous Scaly-breasted Kingfisher, Sulawesi Pitta, Snowy-browed Flycatcher, Sultan's Cuckoo-dove, Warbling White-eye, Turquoise Flycatcher, Citrine Canary Flycatcher and etc. Going to Mount Mahawu too early in the morning was not always a good idea. When we arrived there was strong wind, and the whole forest was covered by fog. In addition to Mount Mahawu, we also visited a restaurant that was surrounded by flower garden. Sulawesi Myzomela, Sahul Sunbird and Yellow-sided Flowerpecker were the birds that we saw there.

Sonder's Farm Forest

We also went to Sonder's farm forest, around 30 minutes drive from Tomohon town. We saw Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker, Crimson Sunbird, Sulawesi Myzomela, Black-crowned White-eye, Warbling White-eye, Black Sunbird, Yellow-billed Malkoha. On my previous trip to that site in one morning I saw Black Kite, Sulawesi Goshawk, Black-naped Oriole and White-faced Cuckoo-dove, Black-faced Munia, White-breasted Woodswallow. Sonder's farm forest was not a pristine forest but has got good open areas to watch and photograph birds. Actually there were several more birding sites in Subdistrict Sonder that we had not visited during this trip.

In our last day in Tomohon, we visited Mount Mahawu again in the afternoon. We saw the Sultan's Cuckoo-dove, and a lot of small birds that I have mentioned above. There was Superb Fruit-dove but he flew when we walked closer to photograph him. We left Tomohon for Manado city at around 10:00 a.m. Arriving at Sam Ratulangi International Airport, I said thank you, good bye to my client. 

This short trip report is written by Charles Roring from birdingsulawesi.com

Also read:

• Wildlife Watching and Photography Tour in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland

• Birding in Tangkoko Nature Reserve and Minahasa Highland

• Birds in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland

Brown-throated Sunbird

This is the picture of Brown-throated Sunbird (Anthreptes malacensis celebensis) that was taken in the small forest of Tounelet village in Subdistrict Sonder of Minahasa regency.  The bird, according to Wikipedia, has got a thick bill with an average length of 14 cm. It can be found in open forest, along the roadside where there are flowering plants or in coconut plantations. The bird likes the nectar of coconut flower. The male bird is more colourful than the female one. 

Brown-throated Sunbird

The Brown-throated Sunbird looks similar to Sahul Sunbird (Cynniris frenatus) whose habitat is the same. 

Sahul Sunbird

The tropical rainforest and farmland of North Sulawesi from Tangkoko Nature Reserve to Mount Mahawu and Sonder's forest are the habitat of various species of sunbirds such as Sahul Sunbird, Brown-throated Sunbird, Crimson Sunbird, and Black Sunbird.

Crimson Sunbird

There are also a lot of other species of birds in Minahasa Peninsula which visitors could watch including Yellow-billed Malkoha, Sulawesi-crested Myna, Sulawesi Pitta, Pale Blue Monarch, Sulawesi Myzomela, Knobbed Hornbill, Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Pygmy Hanging Parrot, Ashy Woodpecker, Pygmy Woodpecker, and etc. 

If you are interested in taking a birdwatching tour in Tangkoko Nature Reserve, Mount Mahawu, Lake Linow, Sonder's forest, and Tincep's ricefield and want me to organize your trip, please, contact me by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com or by whatsapp to: +6281332245180. 

Also read:

• Birds in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland
• Wildlife Watching and Photography Tour in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland 
• Birding in Tangkoko Nature Reserve and Minahasa Highland

Sooty-headed Bulbul in the Farmland of Minahasa

In Minahasa highland of North Sulawesi, Sooty-headed Bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster) is one of the most common birds that people can see in cities, towns and villages. 

In Greek, the term Pynonotus is formed from two words, i.e. puknos which means thick or compact; and nōtos meaning backed (nōton back). The term aurigaster consists of two Latin words: aurum meaning gold, and gaster meaning belly.

People in Indonesia call it Kutilang. According to e-bird, Sooty-headed Bulbul is considered as a sensitive bird. As a matter of fact, the bird is not sensitive at all in Minahasa peninsula.  

Sooty-headed Bulbul

The songbird is traded as caged bird in several parts of Indonesia because people like listening to their songs. Sooty-headed Bulbul. This bird helps farmers by feeding on insects in farmland areas. However, it can also be considered as pets because it eats fruit. 

Sooty-headed Bulbul in Sonder town of Minahasa regency

There are also other common birds that we can see in Minahasa highland especially throughout its small towns and villages. They include Eurasian Treesparrow, Sahul Sunbird, Slender-billed Crow, Cattle Egret, and Zebra Dove. 

As a tourist guide in Minahasa regency of North Sulawesi, I offer birdwatching tour for visitors who want to watch the avifauna of this region. 

Birdwatching is an interesting tourism activity for nature lovers. Visitors can watch various species of birds as well as other animals when walking in outdoor environment. 

Sonder town in Minahasa regency

The highland of Minahasa has got a lot of beautiful landscapes. Tour participants can enjoy birdwatching and at the same time seeing the beautiful nature of the highland.

If you are interested in exploring the farmland and forest Minahasa for birdwatching and sightseeing, please, contact me Charles Roring by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com or by whatsapp to: +6281332245180.

Also read:

• Warbling White-eye
• Birding in Sonder of Minahasa
• Sooty-headed Bulbul
• Collared Kingfisher 

Birding in Mount Mahawu, Lake Linow and Sonder Forest of Minahasa Highland

I guided a British tourist in early October 2024 in Minahasa highland of North Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. The first site that we visited was Lake Linow. We watched water birds that swam, walked and flew around the lake areas such as: Sunda Teal, Cattle Egret, Little Egret, Black-backed Swamphen, White-breasted Waterhen, Barred Rail, Barn Swallow, Whiskered Tern, Javan Pond Heron, Uniform Swiftlet, Common Sandpiper.

   Sulawesi Pitta in Minahasa Highland

Crater of Mount Mahawu and birds that could be found in the area

In the afternoon, at 15:00, we continued our trip to Mount Mahawu where we walked up the stairs that led us to its crater. It was raining at that time, the stairs were slippery. Fortunately, when we reached its top, the rain stopped. 

We saw Sulawesi Cuckoo Dove, Black Sunbird, Turquoise Flycatcher, Glossy Swiftlet, and a large flock of Warbling White-eye in trees at the edge of the crater.

When we walked down the slope to the parking lot, we saw Sulawesi Malkoha. We continued birding along the road of Mount Mahawu where we saw White-bellied Imperial Pigeon and Gray-sided Flowerpecker.

Warbling White-eye

The next morning, we watched Scaly-breasted Kingfisher, Eastern Yellow Wagtail, White-eyed Drongo and Sulawesi Cuckoo-dove, Gray-sided Flowerpecker, Sulawesi Myzomela still in the slope of Mount Mahawu. There was a Sulawesi Serpent Eagle that was soaring high in the sky above the forest area of the volcano. 

Rice field in Minahasa regency

We continued our birding tour to Subdistrict Sonder that late morning. We saw Crimson Sunbird, Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker, Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher, Gray-streaked Flycatcher, Sahul Sunbird, Sooty-headed Bulbul, and etc. I saw a Pink-necked Green Pigeon and then a Stephan's Dove that were flying down fast from the forest down the slope of Sonder's hill to the farmland area.

In late afternoon, we went birding again along the slope of Mount Mahawu. This time the bird was relatively the same as this morning and yesterday. Warbling White-eye, Black-crowned White-eye, Turquoise Flycatcher, Yellow-sided Flowerpecker and etc. There were more species that we could later add in our list, i.e. Superb Fruit Dove, Sulphur-bellied Whistler, and Sulawesi Scops Owl. 

Crimson Sunbird in Sonder's forest of Minahasa

The last day of our birding trip in North Sulawesi was conducted in Sonder of Minahasa regency. We saw Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Sulawesi Drongo, Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker, Sulawesi Myna, Green Imperial Pigeon, White-rumped Triller, Sulawesi Swiftlet, Lesser Fish Eagle, White-browed Crake, Collared Kingfisher, Crimson Sunbird, and Yellow-billed Malkoha. We heard the call of Bay Coucal and Isabelline Bush Hen. Unfortunately, we could not see them. 

North Sulawesi is a highly recommended destination for birdwatching and sightseeing. 

Accommodation

Most tourists who travel to the highland of Minahasa chose Tomohon town as their place to stay. There are hotels and homestays that can be booked from the internet. 

Booking

If you are interested in traveling to Manado city and doing a walking tour for sightseeing or hiking for birdwatching, and butterfly watching, and want a guide to organize your trip, please, contact me (Charles Roring) by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com or by whatsapp to: +6281332245180. 

Also read:

• Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher
• Black-naped Oriole
• Birdwatching in North Sulawesi

Birding in Tangkoko and Minahasa Highland of North Sulawesi Indonesia

The Province of North Sulawesi is a beautiful destination for visitors who love nature. Its capital is Manado city. Birdwatching is one of the popular outdoor activities which tourists can do while visiting Manado. 

Sulawesi Hanging Parrot in Subdistrict Sonder

Some Birds in North Sulawesi

There are a lot of birding sites which are good watching avifauna of Sulawesi. Some of them are described below:

Some birds in Subdistrict Sonder

ITINERARY

• Day 1. When you arrive in Manado city, we will meet you at Sam Ratulangi airport and organize your transfer to a nearby hotel. You will take a rest for around 2 houra. After that we will organize a short tour for you by car to Talawaan Forest - this is a good site for watching birds that live in warm tropical climate such as Asian Short-tailed Starling, Yellow-vented Bulbul, Zebra Dove, Black-naped Fruit Dove, Sulawesi Crow, Green Imperial Pigeon, Little Egret, Sahul Sunbird, Brown Throated Sunbird, Glossy-swiftlet, Grey-cheeked Green Pigeon in this area. The magnificent scenery of Manado city with the Bunaken islands could be seen from the coast of Manado city.

Spectral Tarsier

• Day 2 - 3. We will check out of the hotel and organize your transfer to Tangkoko Batu Putih Nature Reserve. This is a great destination for birdwatching. We will spend two days here. A lot of tropical lowland birds from Sulawesi island could be watched there. They include Yellow-billed Malkoha, Black-faced Munia, Red-backed Thrush, Knobbed Hornbill, Sulawesi Hornbill, Green-backed Kingfisher, Sulawesi Lilac Kingfisher, Ruddy Kingfisher, Sulawesi Dwarf Kingfisher, Great-billed Kingfisher, White-eyed Drongo, Purple Rolling, Finch-billed Myna, Sulawesi-crested Myna, and a lot more. 
• Day 4-6 We will continue our trip to Sonder where you will enjoy birding and sightseeing in it's hill forest, valleys and farmland. There are various species of endemic birds such as Scaly-breasted Kingfisher, Yellow-sided Flowerpecker and Gray-sided Flowerpecker could be watched in this region. Tomohon town is also the main gate to visit Mount Subdistrict Sonder. They are highly recommended destination for visitors who love watching birds. Visitors could go hiking and birding throughout the hills, slopes and paddy fields of Sonder to watch Sooty-headed Bulbul, Sulawesi Hanging Parrot, Gray-sided Flowerpecker, Yellow-sided Flowerpecker, Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker, Crimson Sunbird, Citrine Canary Flycatcher, Sulawesi Bush Warbler, Sulawesi Cuckoo Dove, Pale Blue Monarch, Cattle Egret, Little Egret, Chestnut Munia, Scaly-breasted Munia, Purple Heron, Sulawesi Pygmy Woodpecker, Ashy Woodpecker, Black-naped Oriole, Barred Rail, White-browed Crake, Black-crowned White-eye, Warbling White-eye, Black-naped Oriole, Sulawesi Drongo, and a lot more. Subdistrict town of Sonder is surrounded by water. There are fish ponds and rice fields that provide food for birds. Visitors who love to see farmland can go to Sonder to enjoy its natural beauty. 
• Day 7. At the end of the tour, we will transfer you to Sam Ratulangi Airport of Manado city again where you will continue your trip to another destination or fly back to your country.

Birds in lowland forest of North Sulawesi

Crimson Sunbird

The entry point for taking a birding holiday in North Sulawesi is Manado city. Visitors can fly from major cities in Indonesia to Manado city. Regular daily flights between Manado city and Jakarta, Makassar, Denpasar, Surabaya, Sorong are served by Garuda, Citilink, Batik Air, Lion Air and TransNusa. 

There are international direct flights between Singapore and Manado city served by Scoot Air. 

Flight routes between Manado city and major cities in Indonesia

There are hotels in Manado city and Tomohon that can accommodate visitors who want to stay for a few days or weeks in North Sulawesi. 

Celebes-crested Macaque

If you are interested in traveling to Manado city to see its beautiful natural landscape and watch birds and want me (Charles Roring) to organize your trip, please, contact me by whatsapp to: +6281332245180 or by email to: peace4wp@gmail.com.

Also read: 

Birding in Tangkoko Nature Reserve,  Mount Mahawu and Sonder's Farm Forest of Minahasa Highland